База задач по английскому языку

Поставьте глагол в скобках в Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect.

1) When I called Frank, his mother told me that he (already/ leave).

2) (be) in the army for ten years before he resigned and married.

3) He (break) his tooth when he (eat) his lunch.

4) I (not/ do) anything special at the weekend. I (watch) TV.

Form opposite adjectives using negative prefixes. Make up 3 sentences with any of them.

1. Legal

2. Honest

3. Patient

4. Responsible

5. Comfortable

6. Interesting

Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на типы условных предложений.

a) If the government cuts taxation, it will gain a lot of popular support.

b) If we installed new equipment, we would become more competitive.

c) Were I in the city, I would attend this lecture.

d) Unless we reach break-even point within six months, we will have to ask for another bank loan.

e) If the consultant had done more careful research, he would have identified a gap in the market.

1. Соотнесите: Details other skills or type of work wanted. This section contains your statement about the contribution you can make and what kind of person you are. It can also include any specific achievements and successes you have had.
Это:

 a. Employment

 b. Additional information

 c. Personal details

 d. Education

 

2. Соотнесите: Includes name, address, telephone numbers, e-mail address, nationality, etc. These are the facts about you and explain how to contact you.
Это:

 a. Employment

 b. Education

 c. Interests

 d. Personal details

 

3. Соотнесите: Interests: Includes hobbies, sport and leisure activities.
Это:

 a. Employment

 b. Personal details

 c. Interests

 d. Education

 

4. Соотнесите: Names, addresses and full contact details of two people who will provide character references for you.
Это:

 a. Personal details

 b. References

 c. Education

 d. Employment

 

5. Соотнесите: Provides dates, names and locations of schools and colleges attended and details of any qualifications that you may have obtained. This section also outlines the subjects that you have studied. It is usually written in chronological order – earliest first.
Это:

 a. Education

 b. Employment

 c. Interests

 d. Personal details

 

6. Соотнесите: Specifies dates, employers’ names and locations, job title and main activities/achievements of each position held. It is normal to begin with your current or most recent job.
Это:

 a. Interests

 b. Personal details

 c. Education

 d. Employment

 

7. Сопоставьте с английским словом: «Работник, который владеет обширными знаниями, требующими специального образования и подготовки, выполняет сложнейшие операции, руководит работой других: хирург, пилот, инженер-конструктор».

 a. Semi-skilled

 b. Highly skilled

 c. Unskilled

 d. Skilled

 

8. Сопоставьте с английским словом: «Работник, который владеет профессиональными знаниями и сложными операциями, может выполнять ответственную работу и принимать решения: учитель, менеджер, инженер».

 a. Highly skilled

 b. Semi-skilled

 c. Skilled

 d. Unskilled

 

9. Сопоставьте с английским словом: «Работник, который выполняет несложные операции, которые требуют предыдущего опыта и обучения. Работник этого типа может принимать решения, но организационные вопросы решаются на более высоком уровне. Например: водитель, работник конвейера, строитель».

 a. Unskilled

 b. Skilled

 c. Semi-skilled

 d. Highly skilled

 

10. Сопоставьте с английским словом: «Работник, который выполняет простые операции, которые не требуют предыдущего опыта и образования, обязательным является лишь знание оборудования. Работник выполняет физическую работу и не принимает значимых решений. Например, грузчик, мойщик, уборщик».

 a. Semi-skilled

 b. Highly skilled

 c. Skilled

 d. Unskilled

Составьте диалог из приведенных ниже предложений. Первая и последняя реплики даны. 

1. I hear you are looking for a new sales manager. I think I could work for you. 

- Well, I like meeting lots of people. Besides I have some experience in it.

- I lived a long way from the store that's why I quit. 

- Yes, but with free weekends. 

- Can you tell me what salary is?

- I'm very interested in this job.

- Thank you very much. See you soon.

- That's OK with me.

- Why did you leave your last job?

 -Are you looking for permanent employment?

- Here's an application form. You're just the sort of person we need.

- 750 dollars.

 - Why are you interested in this kind of job?

14. You start next week. 

 

 Put the verbs in brackets into Present Simple, Past Simple or Future Simple.

1.  I (not to go)______________ to school every day. I (not to go)_____________ to school yesterday. I__________________ (not to go) to school tomorrow.

2.You________________ (to watch) TV every day? You________________ (to watch) TV yesterday? You ___________________(to watch) TV tomorrow?

3.When you_________________ (to leave) home for work every day? When you___________________ (to leave) home for work yesterday? When you_____________________ (to leave) home for work tomorrow?

4.My brother____________ (to go) to work every day. He______________ (to leave) home at eight o’clock. As his office __________(to be) near our house, he _______________(to walk) there. He _______________(not to take) a bus. Yesterday he_________________ (not to go) to work. Yesterday he__________ (to get) up at nine o’clock.

5.You ______________(to have) time yesterday? — No, I _______________ .

6.What you________________ (to buy) at the shop yesterday? — I _________(to buy) a book.

7.Yesterday my father____________ (not to read) newspapers because he ____(to be) very busy. He_________________ (to read) newspapers tomorrow.

Put the verbs in brackets into Present Simple, Past Simple or Future Simple.

1.  I (not to go)______________ to school every day. I (not to go)_____________ to school yes­terday. I__________________ (not to go) to school tomorrow.

2.You________________ (to watch) TV every day? You________________ (to watch) TV yesterday? You ___________________(to watch) TV tomorrow?

3.When you_________________ (to leave) home for work every day? When you___________________ (to leave) home for work yesterday? When you_____________________ (to leave) home for work tomorrow?

4.My brother____________ (to go) to work every day. He______________ (to leave) home at eight o’clock. As his office __________(to be) near our house, he _______________(to walk) there. He _______________(not to take) a bus. Yesterday he_________________ (not to go) to work. Yesterday he__________ (to get) up at nine o’clock.

5.You ______________(to have) time yesterday? — No, I _______________ .

6.What you________________ (to buy) at the shop yester­day? — I _________(to buy) a book.

7.Yesterday my father____________ (not to read) newspapers because he ____(to be) very busy. He_________________ (to read) newspapers tomorrow.

Complete with the correct form of the verb (first conditional)

1. If you ____ me your secret, I ____ anybody. (tell, not tell)

2. If we ____ walking, the bus ____. (start, come)

3. He ____ angry if you ____ him. (be, not tell)

4. If I ____ it down, I ____ it. (not write, not remember)

5. ____you ____ me if you ____ any news. (call, get)

6. If you ____ her nicely, she ____ you. (ask, help)

7. You ____ if you ____. (not pass, not study)

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous.

1. This is the factory where my father (to work). He (to work) here for fifteen years.

2. You (to find) your note-book? - No! I still (to look) for it. I already (to look) for it for two hours, but (not yet to find) it.

3. You (to play) with a ball for already three hours. Go home and do your homework.

4. I (finish) the book. But you already (read) 100 pages since 7 o’clock.

5. I (to wait) for a letter from my cousin for a month already, but (not yet to receive) it.

6. My son will have learnt all the words by 7 o’clock in the evening tomorrow.

7. I (try) to explain our plan to you for an hour, and you ( not listen) to me.

8. She (work) hard for the whole day and now (sleep) badly and she (look) tired.

Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form:

cause / damage / include / invite / make / show / write

1. Many accidents _are caused_ by dangerous driving (example).

2. Cheese --- from milk.

3. The roof of the building --- in a storm a few days ago.

4. There's no need to leave a tip. Service --- in the bill.

5. You --- to the wedding. Why didn't you go?

6. A cinema is a place where films ---

Complete the sentences with ( to be )

 

    1) I…. a girl.

    2) My father ..…at work.

   3) Alex and Dino …..my cats .

   4) Alex…. …in the garden.

   5) Dino ……on the floor.

   6) My red pencil ……. on the floor , to.

   7) The other pencils …….in my pencil case .

   8) My mother ……in the living room.

   9) Eli and Rafa ….. good friends .

   10) They ……good at tennis .

   11)……the in Amsterdam this week ?

   12) The pupils …not at school today.

   13) It …… Monday.

   14) I……at home .

    15) We……friends .

 Read and translate the text “Mergers and acquisitions”.

Value creation and synergy  

The purpose of any commercial company is to create value for its shareholders. For example, when two powerful insurance companies Norwich Union and CGU merged, they re-branded, adopting the name Aviva plc and the slogan: 'One Aviva, twice the value'. This added value, the difference between the value of the combined company and the sum of the original values of the stand-alone companies, is known as synergy. The main aim of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) is to add shareholder value through synergies which are measurable in terms of cost savings or revenue generation.

In mergers, two companies create a new entity and issue new stock to their shareholders, whereas in an acquisition one company ceases to exist and is integrated into the acquiring company or held as a subsidiary. There are various ways for companies to combine. Competitors in a market where there is overcapacity can create synergy through horizontal integration. This allows economies of scale, such as larger orders to suppliers, and cost cutting, such as closing plants. Companies may also cooperate through joint ventures and strategic alliances, agreements that do not require a change in ownership.

Companies with an existing business relationship, such as suppliers and producers, can increase value through vertical integration: for example, a car manufacturer buying a component firm or a chain of car showrooms. In market-extension mergers, companies selling the same products in different markets can merge to access more consumers, while those with related products in the same market can join in product-extension mergers. In conglomeration, companies with no common business area form a diversified group to reduce risk. 

Merger waves are periods of increased acquisition activity, often associated with a boom in the value of the stock market in a country or business sector. The recent wave of crossborder M&As may be part of a strategy for overseas market penetration, such as UK-based Vodafone's takeover of Ghana Telecom.

Implementing M&As and post-merger integration

M&As have economic effects, so many countries have competition or anti-trust laws to prevent a small number of companies from dominating the market and engaging in anti-competitive practices. Managers and their professional advisors must exercise due diligence, investigating all the risks and legal issues involved. They will check the financial health and prospects of the target business to be able to value it. In an acquisition, the buyer will usually pay a premium above the market value of the company in order to gain control representing some of the potential synergies from the deal. 

After a merger or acquisition, company operations and practices need to be re-structured.  Post-merger integration concerns not only practical aspects like pricing strategies and integrating IT systems but also retention of key people. In the knowledge economy, the 'return on talent' is an important part of value creation. Effective post-merger strategies aim for an outcome where the 'best of both' is represented, or a transformational approach, in which the two merging companies change into something much stronger than either of them had been before — the 'best of both plus'.

Прочтите и переведите на русский язык весь текст.

England and its Cultural Life.

England’s contribution to both British and world culture is too vast for anything but a cursory survey here. Historically, England was a very homogeneous country and developed coherent traditions, but, especially as the British Empire expanded and the country absorbed peoples from throughout the globe, English culture has been accented with diverse contributions from Afro-Caribbeans, Asians, Muslims, and other immigrant groups. Other parts of the United Kingdom have experienced the same social and cultural diversification, with the result that England is not always distinguishable from Wales and Scotland or even Northern Ireland. The former insularity of English life has been replaced by a cosmopolitan familiarity with all things exotic: fish and chips have given way to Indian, Chinese, and Italian cuisine, guitar-based rock blends with South Asian rap and Afro-Caribbean salsa, and the English language itself abounds in neologisms drawn from nearly every one of the world’s tongues.

Even as England has become ever more diverse culturally, it continues to exert a strong cultural influence on the rest of the world. English music, film, and literature enjoy wide audiences overseas, and the English language has gained ever-increasing currency as the preferred international medium of cultural and economic exchange.

Little is known of English literature before the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons, though echoes of England’s Celtic past resound in Arthurian legend. Anglo-Saxon literature, written in the Old English language, is remarkably diverse. Its surviving corpus includes hymns, lyric poems such as “The Wanderer” and “The Seafarer,” riddles and spells, songs, and the epic poem Beowulf, which dates from the 9th or 10th century. Following the Norman Conquest of 1066, French influence shaped the vocabulary as well as the literary preoccupations of Middle English. Geoffrey Chaucer epitomized both the courtly philosophical concerns and the earthy vernacular of this period in his Troilus and Criseyde and The Canterbury Tales, respectively, while William Langland’s Piers Plowman was an early expression of the religious and political dissent that would later characterize English literature. The Elizabethan era of the late 16th century fostered the flowering of the European Renaissance in England and the golden age of English literature. The plays of William Shakespeare, while on their surface representing the culmination of Elizabethan English, achieve a depth of characterization and richness of invention that have fixed them in the dramatic repertoire of virtually every language. The publication of the King James Version of the Bible in 1611 infused the literature of the period with both religious imagery and a remarkably vigorous language, and it served as an important instrument for the spread of literacy throughout England. Political and religious conflicts of the 17th century provided a backdrop for a wealth of poetry, ranging from the metaphysical introspections of John Donne to the visionary epics of John Milton, in addition to the prose allegory Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan.

Match the words on the topic «Résumé» and the translation.

1. Персональная информация                                                       a/ (Education / Qualifications)

2. Должность, на которую претендуют                                        b/(Objective / Employment)

3. Образование                                                                                c/ (Work Experience / History)

4. Опыт работы                                                                               d/ (Personal Information)

5. Интересы                                                                                     e/ (References)

6. Рекомендации                                                                              f/ (Interests)

Some of these sentences are correct, and some have a word which should not be there. If the sentence is correct, put a tick (V). If it is incorrect cross unnecessary word out of the sentences and write in the space.

1. Do you know what time the coach leaves? 

2. Robert wanted to know if the price included breakfast. 

3. Anna insisted on showing us her photos.

4. Someone asked us whether we had eaten lunch.

5. Nancy told me she had started the job the week before.

6. Nigel said me he wanted to come with us.

7. My friend said she did liked her new flat.

8. Martin asked us not to wake the baby.

 Change the following sentences from Direct into Indirect speech:

1) Mary said, “I like Turkish pop music.” 

2) The woman said, “It’s not my umbrella.” 

3) Mr. Brown said, “I don’t drive a car in the rush hour.” 

4) Terry said, “I eat toasts for breakfast.” 

5) Sue said, “The boy is looking at us.” 

6) John said, “I can swim well but I don’t have enough time to swim.” 

7) My brother said to me, “I don’t want to carry your books.”

8) The teacher said, “If you don’t study regularly, you’ll fail.”

9) Mr. Green said, “I have to water my flowers twice a week.” 

10) Mr. Miller said, “You are doing well!” 

Complete these sentences with words from the list. Change the form if necessary.

option     put in place     enter     carry out      procedure     means     transform     implement

1 We’re___________a very busy period now,  so we need people to work overtime.

2 ___________extensive research is essential  before redesigning the workplace. 

3 What’s the exact__________ for the fire drill?

4 They are___________a new expense  accounts system and it should be much better.

5 The___________to the office is spectacular!  It looks so much better now.

6 Our boss has a lot of new ideas, but as you can  see from our current sales figures, we haven’t  got the ___________to see them through.

7 I would like to work flexible hours, but they  don’t give us the___________to do so.

8 Senior management have established new  rules for getting promoted, and HR now have  to___________them.

Прочтите текст, приведенный ниже, Затем составьте 5 вопросов по содержанию текста и ответьте на них. Вопросы должны быть следующих типов: общий, специальный, разделительный, альтернативный, вопрос к подлежащему.

Earth Day

It may be hard to imagine that before 1970, a factory could spew black clouds of toxic smoke into the air or dump tons of toxic waste into a nearby stream, and that was perfectly legal. They could not be taken to court to stop it.

Earth Day was founded in 1970 as a day of education about environmental issues, and Earth Day 2020 occurs on Wednesday, April 22. The holiday is now a global celebration that’s sometimes extended into Earth Week, a full seven days of events focused on green living. Earth Day began as a “national teach-in on the environment” and was held on April 22 to maximize the number of students that could be reached on university campuses.

Since 1970, Earth Day celebrations have grown. In 1990, Earth Day went global, with 200 million people in over 140 nations participating, according to the Earth Day Network (EDN), a nonprofit organization that coordinates Earth Day activities. In 2000, Earth Day focused on clean energy and involved hundreds of millions of people in 184 countries and 5,000 environmental groups, according to EDN. Today, the Earth Day Network collaborates with more than 17,000 partners and organizations in 174 countries.

But that’s not enough. With a solution to climate change getting no closer, and the consequences of that looming ever larger, we need to roll up our sleeves and take issue with modern life. To take on all the assumptions and behaviours that lead us to make unsustainable choices so regularly.

Переведите текст на русский язык (письменно).

ELECTRIC MOTORS

The electric motor is a simple, robust machine which will provide power quietly and smoothly, without fumes. It is a clean source of mechanical power; it requires very little attention and can be run continuously for long periods at a constant speed and with reasonably minimum maintenance.

Electric motors can be started and stopped by the touch of a button and full power is available from the moment that the motor is started. There is no large amount of heat to be dissipated, nor is there any need to store fuel. Hence the fire risk is very low and the motor can be placed almost anywhere. Electric motors use energy only while they are running and in proportion to the work being performed.

Local environment in which electric motors are installed on farms is seldom ideal. The open frame type of electric motor is the simplest design, but it is not recommended for rural use. In some locations where there is not much dust, dirt and damp, a drip-proof frame motor may be satisfactory. But most farm motors need to be of the totally-enclosed surface-cooled type, which prevents dust and moisture from entering the windings.

Much of the electrically operated farm machinery is now supplied completely with the electrical drive by the machinery manufacturer. Though, when the choice has to be made by the farmer himself, it is important that he selects the correct motor for a particular job planned.

The standard rating of a motor (based on temperature) gives only a measure of the performance of that motor under uniform and continuous conditions and does not directly indicate the safe operating limits for fluctuating service conditions. Quite often, only the maximum load to be placed on the motor is considered and subsequently one is selected, which has a standard rating equal to this maximum load: this may lead to the equipment being over-motored with consequent loss of efficiency, coupled with a lower power factor.

Conversely, a motor may be chosen with regard to the normal running condition but neglecting conditions of overload. This choice would probably be made on economic grounds and may well result in undermotoring. Motors which run at the higher speeds, e.g. l,450 and 2,850 r.p.m. are generally more efficient and, as they are of smaller dimensions and less costly, consideration should be given, wherever possible, to their use.

Read about Sharron’s working day. Прочтите, что говорит Шэрон о своем рабочем дне:

SHARON:

I usually get up at 7 o'clock and have a big breakfast. I walk to work, which takes me about half an hour. I start work at 8.45. I never have lunch. I finish work at 17 o'clock. I'm always tired when I get home. I usually cook a meal in the evening. I don't usually go out. I go to bed at about 23 o'clock. I always sleep well. Yesterday was a typical working day for Sharon. Rewrite this text in Past Simple.

Перепишите текст в Past Simple.

Заполните пропуски подходящими личными местоимениями.

1. My uncle has a new car, but … doesn’t drive … .

2. Anna has three sons.  … often goes skiing with … in winter.

3. That’s my notebook. I want to have … back, please?

4. Sara’s teacher is Mr.Bond.  … likes … very much.

5. Kate lives near her parents.  … visits … at weekends.

6. Tom buys a newspaper every morning and … reads … in the bus.

7. This is a photo of … and my friends.

8. Mary and I finish our work at 5 p.m.  Then … have dinner in a pub.

9. Where is Jane? Have you seen …?

10. Peter and I are going to the night club. Let’s go with … .

(A) Прочитайте текст, устно переведите его. Выполните упражнения, данные после текста, письменно.

Orient Express

The Orient Express is a luxury Trans-European passenger train running from Paris to Constantinople (now Istanbul) for more than 80 years. It covered a route of about 2,740 km that included brief stopovers in such cities as Munich, Vienna, Budapest and Bucharest.

The Orient Express was built by the International Wagons-Lits (Sleeping Cars) Company founded by the Belgian businessman Georges Nagelmackers. The train made its inaugural run in 1883. During its first journey, the passengers traveled from Paris to the Bulgarian port of Varna by train and were then ferried by steamship across the Black Sea to Constantinople. By 1889, however, the entire trip was by rail. The journey time from Paris to Constantinople was just over 67 hours, as against more than 81 at the train's inauguration.

The Orient Express consisted of luxuriously furnished sleeping cars, a restaurant car as well as salon cars, which housed smoking compartments and ladies' drawing rooms. With its Oriental rugs, velvet draperies, mahogany paneling, upholstered armchairs covered in Spanish leather, the Orient-Express was unmatched in luxuriousness and comfort. It was famous for its five course French meals as well as for its passengers, who were the elite of Europe's society, including royalty, diplomats or government officials. The glamour of the train also caught the imagination of numerous writers, among them Graham Greene and Agatha Christie, whose works helped to make it world-famous.

Its service was stopped by World War I but resumed in 1919, with the route running from Paris to Lausanne, then via the Simplon Tunnel to Milan, Venice, Belgrade and Sofia. The train was then called the Simplon-Orient-Express.

After 1945, the train lost their prestige. The luxurious Wagons-Lits cars were replaced by ordinary coaches. Though the Orient Express name survived, the train had little resemblance to the original. However, the 1930s style has been fully recreated by an American businessman, James Sherwood. In the late 1970s, he bought pre-war Wagons-Lits sleeping cars and restored them to their original state. Since 1982, the privately owned Venice-Simplon-Orient Express luxury train has run from London to Venice.

 

(В) Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих фраз.

I. пассажирский поезд повышенной комфортности

2. короткая остановка в пути следования

3. первый рейс

4. перевозить на пароходе через Чёрное море

5. время в пути

6. мягкие кресла, обитые кожей

7. не имел себе равных по роскоши и комфорту

8. обеды из пяти блюд французской кухни

9. спальные вагоны повышенной комфортности заменили на обычные вагоны

10. купил спальные вагоны довоенной постройки и реставрировал их

 

(C) Ответьте на сопросы к тексту. Ответы переведите.

I. How many years did the Orient Express run from Paris to Constantinople?

2. What company were sleeping cars for the Orient Express built by?

3. When was the train launched?

4. Did the passengers travel all the way from Paris to Constantinople by train during its first run?

5. How many hours did it take the train to cover a route of about 2,740 km?

6. What cars did the Onent Express consist of?

7. What did salon cars house?

8. What was the train famous for?

9. When did the Orent Express lose its prestige?

10. What was done by an American businessman, James Sherwood to return to the Orient Express its good reputation?

 Перепишите предложения. Замените модальные глаголы их эквивалентами и поставьте их в прошедшую и будущую форму времени Simple, активного залога; определите функцию модального глагола и переведите предложение.

1. An electrical current can pass through a thin filament.

2. You must leave the room immediately.

3. If he drives, he may be here at any moment.

Make up a letter from a Russian exporter to a foreign partner. Follow the plan: 

give reference to the contract number; 

inform the circumstances impending chartering the tonnage; 

offer a solution (postponing shipment, substituting a vessel); 

ask the Buyers not to charge penalty for the delay in delivery; 

don’t forget about a complimentary close.