Переведите текст. TEXT Microeconomics The word «micro» means small, and microeconomics means economics in the small1. The optimizing behavior of individual units such as households and firms provides the foundation for microeconomics.

Переведите текст.

TEXT

Microeconomics

The word «micro» means small, and microeconomics means economics in the small1. The optimizing behavior of individual units such as households and firms provides the foundation for microeconomics.
Microeconomists may investigate individual markets or even the economy as a whole, but their analyses are derived from the aggregation2 of the behavior of individual units. Microeconomic theory is used extensively in many areas of applied economics3. For example, it is used in industrial organization, labor economics, international trade, cost-benefit analysis4, and many other economic subfields. The tools and analyses of microeconomics provide a common ground, and even a language, for economists interested in a wide range of problems.
At one time there was a sharp distinction in both methodology and subject matter5 between microeconomics and macroeconomics.
The methodological distinction became somewhat blurred6 during the 1970s as more and more macroeconomic analyses were built upon microeconomic foundations. Nonetheless, major distinctions remain between the two major branches of economics. For example, the microeconomist is interested in the determination of individual prices and relative prices (i.e., exchange ratios7 between goods), whereas the macroeconomist is interested more in the general price level and its change over time.

Пояснения к тексту
    1) in the small –  в малом, локально;
    2) aggregation – агрегирование, объединение;
    3) applied economics – прикладная экономика; 
    4) cost-benefit analysis – анализ затрат и результатов;
    5) subject matter – предмет, тема обсуждения;
    6) to blur – затуманивать, размывать;
    7) exchange ratios – ставка (соотношение обмена).

1. Ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту.
1.    What is, according to the text, microeconomics?
2.    What is the foundation for microeconomics?
3.    What are microeconomists' analyses derived from?
4.    Where is microeconomic theory used?
5.    Are there any distinctions between the two major branches of economics?
6.    What are the macroeconomist and the microeconomist interested in?

2. Укажите, какие утверждения не соответствуют содержанию текста и исправьте их.
    1. Microeconomists' analyses are derived from the economy as a whole.
    2. Microeconomic theory is used in industrial organization, labor economics, international trade, cost-benefit analysis, and many other economic subfields. 
    3. There have never been any distinctions in both methodology and subject matter between microeconomics and macroeconomics.
    4. The macroeconomist is interested in the determination of individual prices and relative prices, whereas the microeconomist is interested more in the general price level and its change over time.

3. Заполните пропуски предлогами.
    1. Microeconomic theory is used extensively ... many areas ... applied economics.
    2. The tools and analyses of microeconomics provide a common ground ... economists interested ... a wide range ... problems.
    3. At one time there was a sharp distinction ... both methodology and subject matter ... microeconomics and macroeconomics.
    4. Nonetheless, major distinctions remain ... the two major branches ... economics. 

4. Найдите русские эквиваленты к следующим английским словосочетаниям: 
    1) optimizing behavior of individual units;
    2) industrial organization;
    3) labor economics;
    4) international trade;
    5) cost-benefit analysis;
    6) sharp distinction in both methodology and subject matter.

5. Задайте все виды вопросов к следующему предложению.
At one time there was a sharp distinction in both methodology and subject matter between microeconomics and macroeconomics.